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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 42(2): 84-86, jun. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1378739

ABSTRACT

La alopecia frontal fibrosante es una alopecia cicatricial que se caracteriza por la recesión de la línea de implantación frontotemporal que afecta principalmente a mujeres caucásicas en edad posmenopáusica y rara vez a hombres. Actualmente los mecanismos específicos de desarrollo continúan en estudio; sin embargo hay varias hipótesis sobre la asociación de la alopecia frontal fibrosante con otros trastornos autoinmunitarios. Se comunica el caso de un paciente masculino de 58 años con alopecia frontal fibrosante en áreas comprometidas por vitiligo. (AU)


Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a cicatricial alopecic characterized by progressive regression of the frontotemporal hairline. It usually affects postmenopausal caucasian women, and rarely men. Currently the specific mechanisms of development remain unknown, however there are several hypotheses about the association of frontal fibrosing alopecia with other autoimmune disorders. The case of a 58-year-old male patient with frontal fibrosing alopecia in areas affected by vitiligo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Vitiligo/complications , Alopecia/complications , Alopecia/diagnosis , Alopecia/drug therapy , Vitiligo/pathology , Clobetasol/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Alopecia/pathology , Dutasteride/administration & dosage
2.
Dermatol. argent ; 27(3): 126-129, jul.- sep. 2021. il
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1380425

ABSTRACT

La morfea ampollar es un tipo enfrecente de esclerodermia localizada que se caracteriza por presentar ampollas sobre placas escleróticas. La presencia de este tipo de lesiones obliga a descartar la variante extraenital de liquen esclerodemias localizadas, es posible hallar ambas afecciones. Se describe el caso de una paciente de 19 años con diagnóstico de morfea panesclerótica y liquen escleroso ampollar.


Bollous morphea is an infreqent type of morphea characterized for developing bullae on sclerodermiformic plaques. The presence of bullae forces to discard lichen sclerosus, a disease that usually develops in the genital zone, the extragenital variant could belong to the same spectrum that localized sclerodermiformic diseases. We present a 19 year old female patient with the diagnosis of panesclerotic morphea and bullous lichen sclerosus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Scleroderma, Localized/diagnosis , Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus/diagnosis , Scleroderma, Localized/pathology , Skin/pathology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diagnosis , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus/drug therapy , Mycophenolic Acid/administration & dosage
3.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(4): e1551, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152634

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil are immunosuppressive agents widely used on the postoperative period of the transplants. Aim: To evaluate the influence of the association of them on the abdominal wall healing in rats. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly assigned in three groups of 12. On the early postoperative period, four of the control group and three of the experimental groups died. The three groups were nominated as follow: control group (GC, n=8); group I (GI, n=11, standard operation, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus); group II (GII, n=10, standard operation, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus). The standard operation consisted of right total nephrectomy and 20 min ischemia of the left kidney followed by reperfusion. Both NaCl 0.9% and the immunosuppressive agents were administered starting on the first postoperative day and continuing daily until the day of death on the 14th day. On the day of their deaths, two strips of the anterior abdominal wall were collected and submitted to breaking strength measurement and histological examination. Results: There were no significant differences in wound infection rates (p=0,175), in the breaking strength measurement and in the histological examination among the three groups. Conclusion: The combination of the immunosuppressive agents used in the study associated with renal ischemia and reperfusion does not interfere in the abdominal wall healing of rats.


RESUMO Racional: O tacrolimus e o micofenolato mofetil são imunossupressores amplamente utilizados no pós-operatório dos transplantes de órgãos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos deles sobre a cicatrização da parede abdominal em ratos. Métodos: Foram utilizados 36 ratos Wistar, distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos de 12. No pós-operatório imediato, quatro do grupo controle e três do grupo experimentação morreram. Os três grupos receberam as seguintes denominações: grupo controle (GC, n=8); grupo I (GI, n=11, operação-padrão, micofenolato mofetil e tacrolimus); grupo II (GII, n=10, operação-padrão, micofenolato mofetil e tacrolimus). A operação-padrão consistiu de nefrectomia total à direita, isquemia durante 20 min seguida de reperfusão do rim esquerdo. Solução de NaCl 0,9% e micofenolato mofetil + tracolimus foram administradas a partir do 1° dia do pós-operatório e mantidas até o dia do sacrifício dos animais, no 14° dia. Na data do sacrifício, foram retirados dois fragmentos da parede abdominal para análise da resistência à ruptura e exame histológico. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa no índice de infecção de ferida operatória (p=0,175), nos valores de resistência de ruptura e nos achados histopatológicos entre os três grupos de animais. Conclusão: Os esquemas de imunossupressão empregados associados ao fenômeno da isquemia-reperfusão renal não induzem fraqueza significativa da cicatriz da parede abdominal em ratos no 14° dia de pós-operatório.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/complications , Tacrolimus/pharmacology , Abdominal Wall/surgery , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology , Kidney/blood supply , Mycophenolic Acid/pharmacology , Reperfusion , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Rats, Wistar , Ischemia , Mycophenolic Acid/administration & dosage
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 94(2): 164-171, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001151

ABSTRACT

Abstract BACKGROUND: Tacrolimus, for its activity on modulation of collagen production and fibroblast activity, may have a role in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate macroscopic, microscopic, metabolic, laboratory effects and side effects of the use of topical tacrolimus ointment, in different concentrations, in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. METHODS: Twenty-two rabbits were submitted to the excision of 2 fragments of 1 cm of each ear, 4 cm apart, down to cartilage. The left ear of the animals was standardized as control and Vaseline applied twice a day. The right ear received tacrolimus ointment, at concentrations of 0.1% on the upper wound and 0.03% on the lower wound, also applied twice a day. Macroscopic, microscopic, laboratory criteria and the animals' weight were evaluated after 30 days of the experiment. RESULTS: Wounds treated with tacrolimus, at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.03%, when compared to control, showed a lower average degree of thickening (p = 0.048 and p <0.001, respectively). The average of scar thickness and lymphocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations are lower in the treated wounds compared to the control (p <0.001, p=0.022, p=0.007, p=0.044, respectively). The mean concentration of lymphocytes is lower in wounds treated with a higher concentration of the drug (p=0.01). STUDY LIMITATIONS: experiment lasted only 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Tacrolimus at the 2 concentrations evaluated reduced the severity of inflammatory changes and positively altered the macroscopic aspect of the scar in the short term. Its use was shown to be safe, with no evidence of systemic or local adverse effects.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Tacrolimus/therapeutic use , Calcineurin Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Ointments , Urea/blood , Serum Albumin/analysis , Serum Albumin/drug effects , Administration, Topical , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/pharmacology , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/pathology , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/prevention & control , Lymphocyte Count , Creatinine/blood , Alanine Transaminase/drug effects , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Disease Models, Animal , Ear, External/pathology , Erythema/pathology , Calcineurin Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Calcineurin Inhibitors/pharmacology , Inflammation/pathology , Inflammation/prevention & control
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(2): 119-123, Mar.-Apr. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989390

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the compliance, efficacy, and safety of the long-term use of topical tacrolimus for the clinical management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Methods: The medical records of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis undergoing long-term treatment with 0.03% topical tacrolimus were retrospectively reviewed. The duration of tacrolimus use and the causes for drug discontinuation were used to assess treatment compliance. To assess drug efficacy, the need for and the number of times that topical corticosteroids were used to control symptoms were registered. Side effects related to tacrolimus use were monitored to determine drug safety. Results: The study cohort consisted of 21 patients who met the eligibility criteria. The mean duration of tacrolimus use was 41.3 ± 18.5 months. Fourteen patients (66.7%) continuously used tacrolimus, and three (14.3%) discontinued treatment following complete remission. Four patients (19%) did not use tacrolimus as prescribed or interrupted tacrolimus use on their own: two (9.5%) because of discomfort upon application and two (9.5%) because of the lack of improvement. Ten patients (47.6%) maintained disease control without the use of corticosteroids, whereas 11 (52.4%) required an average of 2.70 ± 1.35 corticosteroid cycles to control symptoms. The only reported side effect was discomfort upon application. Conclusions: Despite the small sample size and study design limitations, these results support the long-term use of topical tacrolimus as an effective and safe option for the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, with good compliance of patients to the treatment.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a aderência, a eficácia e segurança do uso prolongado de tacrolimus tópico no controle clínico da ceratoconjuntivite vernal. Métodos: Um estudo retrospectivo foi desenvolvido através da análise de prontuários de pacientes com ceratoconjuntivite vernal em tratamento prolongado com tacrolimus tópico 0,03%. A duração do tempo de uso do ta­crolimus e as causas de descontinuação da medicação foram usadas para avaliar a adesão ao tratamento. Para avaliar a eficácia da droga, a necessidade e o número de vezes em que corticoides tópicos foram utilizados para controlar os sintomas foram registrados. Os efeitos colaterais relacionados ao uso do tacrolimus foram monitorados para determinar a segurança da droga. Resultados: Vinte e um pacientes preencheram os critérios de eleição e foram incluídos no estudo. A duração média do uso de tacrolimus foi de 41,3 ± 18,5 meses. Quatorze pacientes (66,7%) usaram continuamente o tacrolimus e 3 (14,3%) descontinuaram o tratamento após a remissão completa. Quatro pacientes (19%) não usaram o tacrolimus conforme prescrito ou interromperam o uso da droga isoladamente: 2 (9,5%) por desconforto na aplicação e 2 (9,5%) pela falta de melhora. Dez pacientes (47,6%) mantiveram a doença sob controle sem o uso de corticoides, enquanto 11 (52,4%) necessitaram em média 2,70 ± 1,35 ciclos corticoides para controle dos sintomas. O único efeito adverso relatado foi desconforto na aplicação. Conclusões: Apesar do pequeno tamanho da amostra e das limitações do desenho do estudo, esses resultados suportam o uso prolongado do tacrolimus tópico como opção eficaz e segura para o tratamento da ceratoconjuntivite vernal, com boa adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/drug therapy , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Administration, Ophthalmic , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Ointments/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Medication Adherence
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(6): 749-752, dic. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-973690

ABSTRACT

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica en el recién nacido es una entidad poco frecuente y de etiología heterogénea. Se han descrito formas transitorias en hijos de madres con diabetes gestacional y en recién nacidos pretérminos expuestos a corticoides tanto prenatal como posnatalmente. Se presenta un caso de un recién nacido pretérmino, hijo de madre trasplantada renal al que se le detectó una miocardiopatía hipertrófica y que había estado expuesto prenatalmente a corticoides y tacrolimus que recibía la madre como tratamiento inmunosupresor. Ambos fármacos cruzan la barrera placentaria y, al llegar al feto, podrían haber favorecido su desarrollo. La miocardiopatía hipertrófica puede ser un efecto secundario poco común del tratamiento con tacrolimus en adultos y niños, y es reversible al retirarlo. En nuestro conocimiento, es el primer caso publicado de miocardiopatía hipertrófica transitoria tras la exposición fetal tanto a corticoides como a tacrolimus en un hijo de madre trasplantada renal.


Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the newborn is a rare entity with heterogeneous etiology. Transient forms have been described in children of mothers with gestational diabetes and in preterm infants exposed both to prenatal and postnatal corticosteroids. We report a case of a preterm infant son of a mother who received renal transplant in whom hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was detected. He had been prenatally exposed to corticosteroids and tacrolimus that received the mother as immunosuppressive therapy. Both drugs cross the placental barrier and, on reaching the fetus, could have favored its development. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be an uncommon side effect of treatment with tacrolimus in adults and children and it is reversible upon withdrawal. To our knowledge, it is the first published case of transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy after fetal exposure to both corticosteroids and tacrolimus in the son of a renal transplanted mother.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/chemically induced , Tacrolimus/adverse effects , Glucocorticoids/adverse effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Placenta/metabolism , Infant, Premature , Pregnancy , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/pharmacokinetics , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Glucocorticoids/pharmacokinetics , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacokinetics , Mothers
7.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(5): 421-428, Sept.-Oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950481

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the efficacy of 0.03% to­pical tacrolimus in combination with oral omega (ω) 3 with different ratios of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and antioxidants as adjuvant in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in dogs. Methods: Forty-five dogs with KCS were evaluated monthly for 6 months. Evaluations included performance of the Schirmer tear, fluorescein, and lissamine green tests. Tear film break-up time (TBUT) was assessed. Conjunctival cytology was evaluated at the beginning, middle, and end of the study. Conjunctiva was biopsied at the beginning and end of the study. Dogs were randomly assigned to one of the three groups (n=15): Group T (topical tacrolimus 0.03%), Group TO (topical tacrolimus + ω-1.5 EPA: 1 DHA), or Group TOA (topical tacrolimus + ω-1 EPA:4.5 DHA + antioxidants). Results: There was a significant improvement in clinical signs in all groups. TBUT increased throughout treatment in all groups; this effect was most pronounced in Group TO. Cytological analysis performed at the end of the study period, showed decreased levels of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and metaplastic and squamous cells in Groups T, TO, and TOA. Histological analysis performed at the end of the study period showed decreased levels of lymphocytes and neutrophils and increased levels of goblet cells. These effects were most pronounced in Group TO. Conclusion: Oral treatment with ω-3 containing a higher proportion of EPA than DHA increased the effectiveness of topical tacrolimus 0.03% in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia do tacrolimus 0,03% tópico associado ao ômega 3 oral, com diferentes proporções de ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA), ácidos docosa-hexaenoicos (DHA) e antioxidantes, como adjuvante no tratamento de cães acometidos por ceratoconjuntivite seca. Métodos: Quarenta e cinco cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da UNOESTE portadores de ceratoconjuntivite seca foram avaliados mensalmente por 6 meses pelo Teste Lacrimal de Schirmer, Teste de Fluoresceína, Tempo de Ruptura do Filme Lacrimal, Teste de Rosa Bengala, citologia da conjuntiva no início, meio e fim do projeto e biopsia da conjuntiva no início e final do projeto. Os cães foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos (n=15): grupo T (tacrolimus 0,03% tópico), grupo TO (tacrolimus + ômegas 1.5 EPA/1 DHA oral) e grupo TOA (tacrolimus + ômegas 1 EPA/4,5 DHA + antioxidantes oral). Resultados: Houve uma melhora significativa nos sinais clínicos em ambos os grupos. No tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal todos os grupos apresentaram aumento no decorrer do tratamento, sendo que o grupo TO foi o que apresentou melhor resultado em todos momentos quando comparado aos demais grupos. Ao final do experimento, os grupos T, TO e TOA apresentaram na análise citológica, diminuição de linfócitos, neutrófilos, células metaplásicas e escamosas, e na análise histopatológica, diminuição de linfócitos e neutrófilos e aumento das células caliciformes, com o grupo TO com melhor desempenho. Conclusão: O tratamento oral com ω-3 contendo uma maior proporção de EPA do que o DHA aumentou a eficácia do tacrolimus tópico 0,03% no tratamento de ceratoconjuntivite sicca em cães.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Eicosapentaenoic Acid/administration & dosage , Docosahexaenoic Acids/administration & dosage , Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca/veterinary , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca/drug therapy , Administration, Topical , Treatment Outcome , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(4): 293-301, July-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950477

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the efficacy of 0.03% tacrolimus eye drops diluted in two different vehicles (linseed oil and olive oil) for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in dogs. Methods: This study included 60 dogs. Of this group, 20 were healthy and allocated to the control group, and 40 were diagnosed with bilateral KCS and randomly allocated to either the TO (tacrolimus in olive oil) or the TL (tacrolimus in linseed oil) groups. Ophthalmic examinations, Schirmer Tear Test-1 (STT-1), Tear Film Break-up Time (TBUT) and Fluorescein Test (FT) were carried out monthly, along with cytological and histopathological examinations at the beginning and end of the study. Results: The clinical signs, corneal ulcers, Schirmer Tear Test-1 values, and Tear Film Break-up Time values improved in both groups after one month of treatment. Cytological examination at the end of the study showed decreased lymphocytes, neutrophil, metaplastic, and squamous cell counts in both groups, while the histopathological analysis showed decreases in lymphocytes and neutrophils and an increase in goblet cell density (cells/mm2). The decreases in neutrophil count were more significant (p<0.05) in the TL group for both types of examination. Conclusion: In sum, 0.03% tacrolimus eye drops diluted in olive oil and linseed oil were effective in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. None of the evaluated parameters differed significantly between the two groups, except for neutrophil count which was significantly lower in the TL group. Thus, linseed oil may be considered as an alternative diluent for tacrolimus eye drops.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia do tacrolimus 0,03% colírio, diluído em óleo de linhaça e óleo de oliva, no tratamento de ceratoconjuntivite seca em cães. Métodos: Foram utilizados 60 cães; 20 cães saudáveis como grupo controle, e 40 cães com diagnóstico de ceratoconjuntivite seca bilateral, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Tacrolimus em óleo de oliva (TO) e Tacrolimus em óleo de semente de linhaça (TL). Os animais foram avaliados mensalmente com exames oftálmicos, Teste lacrimal de Schirmer-1 (TLS-1), Tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal (TRFL) e Teste de Fluoresceína (TF), e mensalmente com citologia conjuntival e com exame histopatológico no início e final do estudo. Resultados: Nos dois grupos de tratamento os sinais clínicos, Teste lacrimal de Schirmer-1, óleo de semente de linhaça e Tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal apresentaram melhora após um mês de tratamento. E no final do estudo, na análise citológica, ambos apresentaram diminuição de linfócitos, neutrófilos, células metaplásicas e células escamosas, e na análise histopatológica houve diminuição de linfócitos, neutrófilos e o aumento de células caliciformes. No grupo óleo de semente de linhaça, a diminuição de neutrófilos foi mais significativa (p<0,05) em ambas análises. Conclusão: Em suma, tacrolimus 0,03% colírio diluído em óleo de oliva e óleo de linhaça foram eficientes no tratamento de ceratoconjuntivite seca. Nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados diferiu significativamente entre os dois grupos, exceto a contagem de neutrófilos, que foi significativamente menor no grupo TL. Assim, o óleo de linhaça pode ser considerado como um diluente alternativo para o colírio tacrolimus.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Linseed Oil/administration & dosage , Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca/veterinary , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Olive Oil/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Drug Therapy, Combination/veterinary , Administration, Ophthalmic/veterinary
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(4): 211-214, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888123

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Administration of eye drops containing antihistamines or sodium cromoglycate and its derivatives for the treatment of allergic keratoconjunctivitis is often insufficient and usually requires the addition of corticosteroids. However, the risk of complications, such as glaucoma and cataract, limits the use of corticosteroids to short courses, resulting in inadequate long-term treatment response. Immunosuppressive drugs have been considered as a valid alternative to steroids for atopic keratoconjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis. This study aimed to evaluate the use of topical tacrolimus (TCL) in improving the clinical signs of severe allergic keratoconjuctivitis in children. Methods: Patients with severe allergic keratoconjunctivitis associated with corneal epitheliopathy, gelatinous limbal infiltrates, and/or papillary reaction, along with a history of recurrences and resistance to conventional topical anti-allergy agents, were included in this open clinical trial. Patients were treated with 0.03% TCL ointment for ocular use. A severity score ranging from 0 to 9, with 9 being the highest and 0 being the lowest, was assigned based on signs observed on biomicroscopy prior to and following TCL treatment. Results: Analyses included 66 eyes of 33 patients. After a mean follow-up period of 13 months (range, 12-29 months), TCL treatment significantly decreased the mean symptom score severity for the right (from 5.56 ± 1.18 to 2.76 ± 1.5; p<0.001) and left (from 5.94 ± 1.16 to 2.86 ± 1.64; p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical TCL was effective and significantly improved the clinical signs of allergic keratoconjuctivitis in children. Thus, it is a potential new option for severe and challenging cases of ocular allergy.


RESUMO Objetivos: O tratamento da ceratoconjuntivite alérgica baseado em colírios que contenham anti-histamínicos ou cromoglicato de sódio e seus derivados geralmente são insuficientes. A adição de corticosteróides geralmente é mandatória. No entanto, o risco de complicações como glaucoma e catarata limita o uso dos corticosteróides em curtos períodos de tratamento resultando em respostas inadequadas a longo prazo. Drogas imunossupressoras vem sendo consideradas como uma opção terapêutica alternativa válida para as ceratoconjuntivite atópica (AKC) e ceratoconjuntivite vernal (VKC). Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a melhora nos sinais clínicos durante o uso de tacrolimus (TCL) tópico em crianças com ceratoconjuntivites alérgicas. Métodos: Pacientes com ceratoconjuntivite alérgica severa associada a ceratites, infiltrados limbares gelatinosos e/ou papilas gigantes, com história de recorrências e resistência ao tratamento anti-alérgico tópico convencional foram incluídos neste estudo. Os pacientes foram tratados com TCL 0,03% pomada tópica para uso ocular. Um escore variando de 0 a 9 foi atribuído para os sinais observados na biomicroscopia antes e depois do tratamento. Quanto maiores os escores, mais severos eram os sinais. Resultados: Foram estudados 66 olhos de 33 pacientes. Antes do tratamento a média do escore para o olho direito foi 5,56 ± 1,18 e para o olho esquerdo 5,94 ± 1,16. Após o tratamento com TCL a média do escore para o olho direito foi 2,76 ± 1,5 e para o olho esquerdo 2,86 ± 1,64 (p<0.001 para os dois olhos). O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 13 meses (12-29 meses). Conclusão: O presente estudo sugere que o TCL tópico foi efetivo e demonstrou resultado satisfatório, com melhora nos sinais clínicos na ceratoconjuntivite alérgica em crianças, constituindo uma nova opção para o tratamento de casos severos de alergia ocular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/drug therapy , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Keratoconjunctivitis/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Administration, Topical , Treatment Outcome , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Microscopy/methods
10.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 37(2): 68-72, jun. 2017. ilus., tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1087152

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad injerto contra huésped es una entidad en la cual las células inmunológicas competentes de un tejido injertado reconocen y dañan antígenos presentes en el receptor del trasplante, que es incapaz de defenderse de ellas. Es una complicación frecuente del trasplante alogénico de médula ósea, y con menor frecuencia se produce luego de trasplantes de órganos sólidos o transfusiones de hemoderivados no irradiados. Se comunica el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 23 años, con leucemia linfoblástica aguda.y trasplante alogénico de médula ósea, que presentó una enfermedad injerto contra huésped con compromiso cutáneo y gastrointestinal dependiente de corticoides, con mejoría de los signos y síntomas cutáneos luego del tratamiento con infliximab y fotoféresis extracorpórea. (AU)


Graft versus host disease is an entity in which competent grafted immune cells recognize and damage tissue antigens present in the transplant recipient, who is unable to defend from them. It is one of the most serious complications in patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, although less frequently it may be associated with solid organ transplants or transfusions of not irradiated blood products. We report the case of a 23 year-old patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, that presented graft versus host disease with skin and gastrointestinal involvement, dependent on corticosteroids, that showed improvement in signs and skin symptoms after treatment with infliximab and extracorporeal photopheresis. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Photopheresis , Graft vs Host Disease/drug therapy , Graft vs Host Disease/therapy , Signs and Symptoms , Transplantation, Homologous/adverse effects , Blood Transfusion , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Abdominal Pain , Ganciclovir/administration & dosage , Risk Factors , Organ Transplantation/adverse effects , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnostic imaging , Diarrhea , Mucositis , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/radiotherapy , Febrile Neutropenia , Infliximab/therapeutic use , Degloving Injuries/drug therapy , Degloving Injuries/blood , Graft vs Host Disease/etiology , Graft vs Host Disease/mortality , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Mycophenolic Acid/administration & dosage
11.
Ann. hepatol ; 16(1): 94-106, Jan.-Feb. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838091

ABSTRACT

Abstract: The use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) after liver transplantation is associated with post-transplant nephrotoxicity. Conversion to mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) monotherapy improves renal function, but is related to graft rejection in some recipients. Our aim was to identify variables associated with rejection after conversion to MMF monotherapy. Conversion was attempted in 40 liver transplant recipients. Clinical variables were determined and peripheral mononuclear blood cells were immunophenotyped during a 12-month follow- up. Conversion was classified as successful (SC) if rejection did not occur during the follow-up. MMF conversion was successful with 28 patients (70%) and was associated with higher glomerular filtration rates at the end of study. It also correlated with increased time elapsed since transplantation, low baseline CNI levels (Tacrolimus ≤ 6.5 ng/mL or Cyclosporine ≤ 635 ng/mL) and lower frequency of tacrolimus use. The only clinical variable independently related to SC in multivariate analysis was low baseline CNI levels (p = 0.02, OR: 6.93, 95%, CI: 1.3-29.7). Mean baseline fluorescent intensity of FOXP3+ T cells was significantly higher among recipients with SC. In conclusion, this study suggests that baseline CNI levels can be used to identify recipients with higher probability of SC to MMF monotherapy. Clinicaltrials.gov identification: NCT01321112.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Liver Transplantation , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Calcineurin Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Graft Rejection/prevention & control , Graft Survival/drug effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Mycophenolic Acid/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Transcription Factors/immunology , Drug Administration Schedule , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Chi-Square Distribution , Odds Ratio , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Tacrolimus/adverse effects , Drug Monitoring/methods , Cyclosporine/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination , Calcineurin Inhibitors , Graft Rejection/immunology , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Kidney/drug effects , Kidney/physiopathology , Mycophenolic Acid/adverse effects
12.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 50(4): e5976, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839282

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) combined with corticosteroids in treating patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). One hundred seventy-seven biopsy-proven IMN patients were recruited in this retrospective clinical study. Sixty patients received TAC (target blood concentration of 4–8 ng/mL) and 117 patients received daily cyclophosphamide (CYC, 100 mg) combined with prednisone. Remission rates at the end of the first, second and third month in the TAC group were significantly higher than that in the CYC group (1st: 35.0 vs 19.7%, P<0.05; 2nd: 56.7 vs 38.5%, P<0.05; 3rd: 76.7 vs 59.0%, P<0.05). In the first 3 months, daily urinary protein and serum albumin in the TAC group obtained a better improvement than that in the CYC group (P<0.05). At the end of the sixth and the twelfth month, the remission rates, daily urinary protein and serum albumin were all comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). No significant difference of relapse rate between the groups was found (16.3 vs 12.0%, P>0.05). Patients were more likely to develop glucose intolerance in the TAC group. The TAC regimen obtained more benefits in treating IMN patients, especially in the first 3 months, than the CYC regimen.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/drug therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Creatinine/blood , Drug Therapy, Combination , Follow-Up Studies , Proteinuria , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Serum Albumin/analysis , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
13.
Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2017; 38 (6): 56-59
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-187553

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Vitiligo is an acquired disease due to progressive lack of performance of melanocytes and appears as ring depigmentated patches and macules. About%2 of people are involved and because of unpleasant appearance, it creates emotional stress on patients .So new and better treatments are needed. This study was conducted to compare effectiveness of topical tacrolimus with topical calcipotriol in pigmentation of vitiligo patients


Materials and Methods:This study was done in double-blind randomized clinical trial on patients facial and hand vitiligo with under%20 involvement of body surface. Patients were categorized in two groups with tacrolimus and calcipotriol treatments and were evaluated and followed up for 12 months


Results: In statistical analysis, there was no significant difference between the effects of both dings on progression of pigmentation, but their on facial vitiligo was better than hand vitiligo [p=0.04].Side effects of treatment in both groups were mild and no serious side effects were reported, but Tacrolimus had significantly minimal side effects rather than Calcipotriol [p=0.02]


Conclusions: In this study,efficacy of topical tacrolimus was better than topical calcipotriol on face and efficacy of calcipotriol was better than tacrolimus on hand vitiligo


Subject(s)
Humans , Administration, Topical , Face , Hand , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Calcitriol/administration & dosage , Inpatients , Double-Blind Method
14.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2017. 127p tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-878750

ABSTRACT

O monitoramento de imunossupressores, como os inibidores de calcineurina ou de mTOR, é essencial para evitar desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis, em receptores de transplante renal. Polimorfismos em genes envolvidos na farmacocinética têm sido associados com variabilidade na resposta a imunossupressores, porém o papel de polimorfismos em genes envolvidos na farmacodinâmica é pouco conhecido. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência de polimorfismos de MTOR, PPP3CA, FKBP1A, FKBP2 e FOXP3, genes envolvidos na farmacodinâmica de imunossupressores, sobre a resposta clínica a tacrolimo e everolimo, em receptores de transplante renal. Foram incluídos 269 pacientes do ensaio clínico original (NCT01354301), realizado no Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão da UNIFESP, e randomizados em três esquemas imunossupressores: tacrolimo 0,05 mg/kg/dia com everolimo 1,5 mg/dia (TAC5/EVR); tacrolimo 0,1 mg/kg/dia com everolimo 1,5 mg/dia (TAC10/EVR); e tacrolimo 0,1 mg/kg/dia com micofenolato de sódio (TAC10/MFS). Foram coletados dados clínicos e laboratoriais, tais como o monitoramento de imunossupressores e desfechos de eficácia de segurança. Os polimorfismos nos genes MTOR (c.4731G>A, c.1437T>C, c.2997C>T); PPP3CA (c.249G>A); FKBP1A (n.259+243936T>C); FBKP2 (c.-2110G>T) e FOXP3 (c.-23+2882A>C, c.-22-902A>G) foram analisados por PCR em tempo real. As frequências alélicas dos polimorfismos estudados foram similares às da população global do projeto 1000genomes. O tratamento com everolimo e tacrolimo em maior dose (TAC10/EVR) foi associado com menor taxa de filtração glomerular estimada (TFGe) e maior creatinina sérica. Enquanto que o tratamento com tacrolimo e micofenolato de sódio (TAC10/MFS) foi associado com maior número de episódios de infecção por citomegalovirus, no 1° ano pós-transplante. Com relação aos desfechos de eficácia, os portadores do genótipo CC de MTOR c.1437T>C e FOXP3 c-23+2882A>C apresentaram maiores concentrações de creatinina sérica, no 12° mês (p<0,05). O polimorfismo FOXP3 c.-23+2882A>C foi associado com maior probabilidade de creatinina sérica aumentada (OR=1,75; IC95%=1,07-2,86; p=0,025). Os resultados da análise de regressão logística mostraram que o alelo MTOR c.4731G (genótipos AG+GG) foi associado com maior risco de rejeição aguda (OR=3,37; IC95%=1,10-10,30; p=0,033). Os portadores do alelo c.4731G apresentaram maior incidência cumulativa de episódios de rejeição, no 1° ano pós-transplante. Com relação aos desfechos de segurança, a variante FKBP2 c.-2110G>T (genótipo GG) foi associada com maior risco de leucopenia (OR=7,10; IC95%=1,81-27,87; p=0,025). O polimorfismo FKBP1A n.259+24936T>C (alelo C) foi associado com maior risco de constipação (OR=2,52; IC95%=1,13 - 5,61; p=0,024), enquanto que os polimorfismos FOXP3 c.-22-902A>G (alelo A) e c.-23+2882A>C (alelo A) foram associados, respectivamente, com maior risco de epigastralgia (OR=2,15; IC95%=1,01-4,56; p=0,047) e náuseas e/ou vômitos (OR=2,38; IC95%=1,05-5,38; p=0,038). O risco de apresentar dislipidemia foi maior nos portadores dos genótipos FKBP2 c.-21110GG (OR=1,92; IC95%=1,01-3,69; p=0,049) e FOXP3 c.-22-902GG (OR=2,06; IC95%=1,08-3,92; p=0,028). Em conclusão, os polimorfismos de genes MTOR, FKBP1A, FKBP2 e FOXP3 influenciam na função renal do enxerto e estão associados com risco de rejeição aguda e de eventos adversos, em receptores de transplante renal


The monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs, such as calcineurin and mTOR inhibitors, is essential to avoid undesirable kidney transplant outcomes. Polymorphisms in pharmacokinetics-related genes have been associated with variability in the response to immunosuppressive drugs, but the role of polymorphisms in pharmacodynamics-related genes is little known. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of polymorphisms in MTOR, PPP3CA, FKBP1A, FKBP2 and FOXP3, genes involved in the pharmacodynamics of immunosuppressive drugs, on the clinical response to tacrolimus and everolimus in kidney transplant recipients. Two-hundred seventy-five kidney transplant recipients were included in this study, among the enrolled in the original clinical trial (NCT01354301) carried out at the Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão/UNIFESP, and randomized in three immunosuppressive treatments: tacrolimus 0.05 mg/kg/day with everolimus 1.5 mg/day (TAC5/EVR); tacrolimus 0.1 mg/kg/day with everolimus 1.5 mg/day (TAC10/EVR); and tacrolimus 0.1 mg/kg/day with sodium mycophenolate (TAC10/MFS). Clinical and laboratory data, including immunosuppressive drug monitoring, efficacy and safety outcomes, were recorded. Polymorphisms on the MTOR (c.4731G>A, c.1437T>C, c.2997C>T); PPP3CA (c.249G>A); FKBP1A (n.259+243936T>C); FBKP2 (c.-2110G>T) and FOXP3 (c.-23+2882A>C, c.-22-902A>G) genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. Allelic frequencies of the studied polymorphisms were similar to those of the global population reported by the 1000genomes project. Treatment with everolimus and high-dose tacrolimus (TAC10/EVR) was associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and higher serum creatinine. Meanwhile treatment with tacrolimus and sodium mycophenolate (TAC10/MFS) was associated with higher number of cytomegalovirus infections, at 1-year post-transplantation. With regard to the kidney efficacy outcomes, the carriers of the CC genotype of MTOR c.1437T>C and FOXP3 c.-23+2882A>C had higher serum creatinine, at month 12 (p<0.05). The FOXP3 c.-23+2882A>C polymorphism was associated with high likelihood of increased serum creatinine (OR=1.75, 95%IC=1.07-2.86, p=0.025). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the allele MTOR c.4731G (AG+GG genotypes) was associated with higher risk of acute rejection (OR=3.37, 95%IC=1.10-10.30, p=0.033). The carriers of the c.4731G allele showed higher cumulative incidence of acute rejection episodes at 1-year post-transplantation. With regard to kidney safety outcomes, the FKBP2 c.-2110G>T variant (GG genotype) was associated with higher risk of leucopenia (OR=7.10, 95%IC=1.81-27.87, p=0.025). The FKBP1A n.259+24936T>C (C allele) polymorphism was associated with higher risk of constipation (OR=2.52, 95%IC=1.13-5.61, p=0.024), whilst FOXP3 c.-22 902A>G (A allele) and c.-23+2882A>C (A allele) were associated, respectively, with higher risk of epigastric pain (OR=2.15, 95%IC=1.01-4.56, p=0.047) and nausea and/or vomiting (OR=2.38, 95%IC=1.05-5.38, p=0.038). The risk of developing dyslipidemia was higher in carriers of the genotypes FKBP2 c.-21110GG (OR=1.92, 95%CI=1.01-3.69, p=0.049) and FOXP3 c.-22-902GG (OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.08-3.92, p=0.028). In conclusion, the polymorphisms in the MTOR, FKBP1A, FKBP2 and FOXP3 genes influence renal graft function and are associated with risk of acute rejection and adverse events in renal transplant recipients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Everolimus , Pharmacogenetics/methods , Kidney Transplantation/classification , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
15.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 20(6): 576-584, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828163

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The identification of the best strategy to manage cytomegalovirus infection is hampered by uncertainties regarding the risk/benefit ratios of universal prophylaxis versus preemptive therapy, the impact of indirect cytomegalovirus effects and the associated costs. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of targeted preemptive therapy according to perceived risk of cytomegalovirus infection after kidney transplantation. Methods: 144 adult kidney transplant recipients were enrolled in this 12-month study. None received cytomegalovirus pharmacological prophylaxis. Only high risk patients (positive donor/negative recipient (D+/R−), use of induction therapy with antithymocyte globulin, treatment of rejection) received preemptive therapy based on the result of pp65 antigenemia test. Low-risk patients with symptoms related to cytomegalovirus were screened for pp65 antigenemia and treatment initiated if confirmed cytomegalovirus disease. Blinded cytomegalovirus DNAemia was collected weekly during the first three months. Results: The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection was 34% and cytomegalovirus disease was 17%. The incidence was 25% in D+/R−, 69% in those receiving induction with rabbit antithymocite globulin (r-ATG), 46% in those treated for acute rejection, and 28% in low risk patients. By week 3 DNAemia was observed in 30% of patients who were not treated for cytomegalovirus infection/disease, and values ≥2.169 UI/mL showed 61% sensitivity and 85% specificity to detect cytomegalovirus disease (AUC = 0.849 ± 0.042, p < 0.001). Using multivariate analysis, only anti-thymocyte globulin induction was associated with cytomegalovirus infection/disease whereas only expanded donor criteria and renal function at 30 days were associated with renal function 12 months after transplantation. Conclusion: Targeted preemptive therapy in patients with perceived higher risk for cytomegalovirus infection/disease was effective in preventing severe clinical presentation, including tissue invasive and late cytomegalovirus infection. This strategy is associated with direct and indirect cost-savings.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Mycophenolic Acid/administration & dosage , Premedication , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects
16.
Bogotá; IETS; mayo 2016. 51 p.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-837426

ABSTRACT

Problema de investigación: Calcular los costos y la efectividad esperados del Everolimus más Tacrolimus (dosis reducida) y Corticosteroide (ETC) comparado con Tacrolimus (dosis estándar) más Corticoesteroide (TC) para el tratamiento de pacientes colombianos, adultos, receptores de trasplante de hígado por primera vez, que han iniciado la terapia de inducción de inmunosupresión y que se perfilan para el tratamiento de mantenimiento. Tipo de evaluación económica: Análisis de costo-efectividad. Población objetivo: Análisis de costo-efectividad. Población objetivo: Pacient es colombianos, adultos, receptores de trasplante de hígado por primera vez, que han iniciado la terapia de inducción de inmunosupresión y que se perfilan para el tratamiento de mantenimiento. Intervención y comparadores: I: Everolimus más Tacrolimus (dosis reducida) y Corticosteroide (ETC). C: Tacrolimus (dosis estándar) más Corticoesteroides (TC). Horizonte temporal: Vital. Perspectiva: Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS). Tasa de descuento: Se emplea una tasa de descuento común tanto a los costos como a los desenlaces en salud, equivalente al 5 % anual. Adicionalmente, se realizan análisis de sensibilidad de 0 %, 3,5 %, 7 % y 12 %. Estructura del modelo: Modelo de Markov anidado en un árbol de decisiones. Fuentes de datos de efectividad y seguridad: Fueron usados los recursos siguientes: el Reporte de efectividad y seguridad de las alternativas a evaluar previamente publicado por el IETS, los resultados de una búsqueda de literatura económica en las base de datos del CRD, de una búsqueda manual de literatura económica y clínica, y la información obtenida producto de la consulta a expertos clínicos. Desenlaces y valoración: Años de vida ganados. Costos incluidos: Costos directos de atención: Costos de medicamentos. Costos de procedimientos. Intervención y el comparador es de un año \r\ny medio aproximadamente (1,45) conun costo adicional de $12.439.243. Análisis de sensibilidad: La decisión \r\nno se mantiene para los escenarios que consideran: un costo del esquema ETC inferior o igual a $6.705.975, una probabilidad de muerte en ETC igual o menor al 5%, unos costos promedio de la atención de los EA crónicos de la estrategia ETC inferior es a $452.702 para todo el horizonte temporal, unos costos promedio de la atención de los EA crónicos de la estrategia TC superior es a $1.260.000 y una probabilidad de muerte en RA superior a 22,21% con el esquema TC. Conclusiones y discusión: La tecnología evaluada es menos efectiva y menos costosa que su comparador, y de acuerdo a las consultas dirigidas a los expertos ésta es identificada como esquema de tercera línea. Se pueden plantear nuevos estudios de costo efectividad que evalúen el esquema con everolimus como una alternativa de conversión ante la presencia de ciertos eventos adversos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Transplantation Immunology/drug effects , Liver Transplantation , Health Evaluation/economics , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Cost-Benefit Analysis/economics , Colombia , Biomedical Technology , Drug Therapy, Combination , Everolimus/administration & dosage
17.
An. bras. dermatol ; 90(5): 735-737, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764423

ABSTRACT

AbstractGranuloma faciale is a rare dermatosis of chronic course, benign, usually asymptomatic, first described in 1945 by Wingley. It is characterized by the appearance of well-defined, single or multiple papules, plaques and nodules, predominantly located in sun-exposed areas, especially the face. In this work we report the case of a female patient, 58 years old, evolving for ten years with multiple erythematous-brownish and asymptomatic papules on the face, whose histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of granuloma faciale. The patient was treated with topical tacrolimus, evolving with regression of lesions.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Eosinophilic Granuloma/drug therapy , Facial Dermatoses/drug therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Administration, Cutaneous , Eosinophilic Granuloma/pathology , Facial Dermatoses/pathology , Treatment Outcome
18.
Brasília; CONITEC; 2015. tab, graf.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-859355

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: Os transplantes de coração salvam mais de 250 vidas por ano, mas estão entre as trinta terapias mais dispendiosas acessíveis universalmente a toda população brasileira, reembolsadas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil, SUS, e há crítica auto-limitação de órgãos disponíveis. Quase a metade deles apresenta episódios de rejeição que pode não responder aos tratamentos disponíveis no SUS. Estima-se que cerca de 1.000 transplantados serão beneficiados mediante resgate com alternativas terapêuticas. EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS: A meta-análise sobre mortalidade dos 10 e 12 estudos controlados randomizados, ECRs, comparando ciclosporina e tacrolimo, bem como de 10 e 06 ECRs respectivamente para o sirolimo e everolimo associados com doses reduzidas de ciclosporina e tacrolimo mostrou pouco ou nenhum impacto na sobrevida. A análise empírica de 348 transplantes cardíacos da coorte do InCor-HC/FMUSP mostrou que a probabilidade de sobrevida foi significativamente superior no 1º. ano do período de seguimento em ambos os grupos etários, adultos e crianças. Na coorte de transplantados que sobreviveram ao primeiro ano, observou-se a perda das diferenças de efeito e menor mortalidade na curva da ciclosporina, refletindo as graves condições de deterioro clínico e complicações que levaram ao switch destes pacientes para estas alternativas terapêuticas. Na meta-análise destes ECRs sobre rejeição, tacrolimo ou ciclosporina não diferiram significativamente. Existe benefício significativo de redução de ocorrência de rejeição de -8,93% e -7,39% com o sirolimo e o everolimo associados com doses reduzidas dos inibidores de calcineurina. O uso de tacrolimo e alternativas com mTORs em adultos e crianças no InCor-HC/FMUSP, de fato, proporcionou eficiente controle de episódios de rejeição em pacientes que se mostraram refratários ou eventos adversos, tais como a recidiva de rejeição, insuficiência renal, alergia ou intolerância. DISCUSSÃO: O uso das alternativas terapêuticas varia com a tolerância dos pacientes e também podem causar eventos adversos. Por isto, observa-se uma dinâmica de trocas entre as alternativas visando superar os episódios de rejeição. Embora a síntese da literatura não mostre taxa diferente de mortalidade entre os esquemas alternativos, estes diversos itinerários terapêuticos permitiram observar uma redução da significativa da mortalidade entre os 348 transplantados no InCor-HCFMUSP, sobretudo no 1º. Ano, resgatando-se + 26% dos casos refratários. Esta experiência é comparável à evolução publicada na análise da base Heart & Lung Transplantation Registry da International Society, onde 69% dos transplantados são mantidos com alternativas. RECOMENDAÇÃO DA CONITEC: Os membros da CONITEC presentes na 35ª reunião da CONITEC, realizada nos dias 6 e 7 de maio de 2015, por unanimidade, deliberaram por recomendar a incorporação dos imunossupressores (everolimo, sirolimo e tacrolimo) em transplantes cardíacos. CONSULTA PÚBLICA: Foram recebidas 4 contribuições durante a consulta pública. Todas as contribuições foram a favor incorporação dos imunossupressores (everolimo, sirolimo e tacrolimo. Não foram apresentadas novas evidências científicas sobre o tema. DELIBERAÇÃO FINAL: Recomendar a incorporação dos imunossupressores (everolimo, sirolimo e tacrolimo em transplante cardíaco, conforme Protocolo Clínico do Ministério da Saúde. Foi assinado o Registro de Deliberação n˚137/2015. DECISÃO: Incorporar everolimo, sirolimo e tacrolimo para imunossupressão em transplante cardíaco no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde-SUS. Portaria nº 52 publicada no DOU nº 187, pág. 71, de 30/09/2015.


Subject(s)
Humans , Everolimus/administration & dosage , Graft Rejection/drug therapy , Heart Transplantation , Immunosuppression Therapy/methods , Sirolimus/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Brazil , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Treatment Outcome , Unified Health System
19.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 682-687, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-99233

ABSTRACT

The optimal immunosuppressive strategy for renal transplant recipients at high immunologic risk remains a topic of investigation. This prospective single arm pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a combined tacrolimus and sirolimus regimen in recipients at immunological high risk and to compare outcomes with a contemporaneous control group received tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. Patients that received a renal allograft between 2010 and 2011 at high risk (defined as panel reactive antibodies > 50%, 4 or more human leukocyte antigen mismatches, or retransplantation) were enrolled. All patients received basiliximab induction and corticosteroids. A total of 28 recipients treated with tacrolimus and sirolimus were enrolled in this study and 69 recipients were retrospectively reviewed as a control group. The sirolimus group showed a higher, but not statistically significant, incidence of biopsy proven acute rejection and a lower glomerular filtration rate than the control group. Furthermore, sirolimus group was associated with significant increases in BKV infection (P = 0.031), dyslipidemia (P = 0.004), and lymphocele (P = 0.020). The study was terminated prematurely due to a high incidence of adverse events. A de novo tacrolimus/sirolimus combination regimen may not be an ideal choice for recipients at high immunological risk.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Graft Rejection/diagnosis , Immunocompromised Host , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Longitudinal Studies , Sirolimus/administration & dosage , Survival Rate , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome
20.
Bogotá; IETS; dic. 2014. 70 p. tab, ilus.
Monography in Spanish | BRISA, LILACS | ID: biblio-847226

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Everolimus es un medicamento perteneciente a un grupo de inmunosupresores selectivos que inhiben la vía del m- TOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) y es empleado para evitar el rechazo de trasplante de órganos sólidos. Esta evaluación tecnológica se desarrolló en el marco de la actualización integral del Plan Obligatorio de Salud para el año 2015. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad y seguridad del uso de everolimus más ciclosporina y esteroides o everolimus más tacrolimus y esteroide comparado con ciclosporina más micofenolato y esteroides, tacrolimus más micofenolato y esteroides, sirolimus con micofenolato y esteroides, en pacientes receptores de trasplante de riñón, hígado y corazón. Metodología: La evaluación fue realizada de acuerdo con un protocolo definido a priori por el grupo desarrollador. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects y LILACS, con restricción al idioma inglés y español y limitada a revisiones sistemáticas publicadas en los últimos cinco años y ensayos clínicos sin restricción de tiempo. Las búsquedas electrónicas fueron hechas entre octubre y diciembre de 2014 y se complementaron mediante búsqueda manual en bola de nieve y una consulta con expertos temáticos. La tamización de referencias se realizó por un revisor. La selección de estudios fue realizada mediante la revisión en texto completo de las referencias preseleccionadas, verificando los criterios de elegibilidad. La calidad de los estudios fue valorada con la herramienta de riesgo de sesgo de la Colaboración Cochrane. Las características de los estudios fueron extraídas a partir de las publicaciones originales. Se realizó una síntesis narrativa de las estimaciones del efecto para las comparaciones y desenlaces de interés a partir de los estudios de mejor calidad. Se estimaron medidas combinadas del efecto a través de un metanálisis con el método de Mantel-Haenszel y un modelo de efectos aleatorios, empleando el programa RevMan 5.2. Resultados: Everolimus, en terapia combinada con ciclosporina o tacrolimus presenta un perfil semejante a su comparador micofenolato en terapia combinada en los desenlaces supervivencia del injerto al año (para riñón RR=1.00 IC95% 0.97, 1.01), para hígado p=0.50 y para corazón RR=1.0, IC95% 0.98, 1.02) y supervivencia del paciente al año (para riñón RR=0.99 IC95% 0.97, 1.01, para hígado p=0.60 y para corazón RR=0.97 IC95% 0.94, 1.01), pues no se encontraron diferencias con significancia estadística en ninguno de estos desenlaces. En relación al desenlace rechazo agudo en el primer año en trasplante de riñón y corazón se desempeña de manera semejante everolimus más CyA más PRED comparado con micofenolato con igual combinación. En trasplante de hígado al comparar everolimus más tacrólimus a dosis baja más PRED se desempeña mejor que everolimus más tacrólimus a dosis estándar en el mismo desenlace (p=0.003). Al evaluar la función renal al año everolimus más CyA más PRED se comporta de manera semejante a micofenolato con igual combinación en pacientes receptores de trasplante renal, sin embargo en los pacientes receptores de trasplante de corazón es mejor everolimus en conservar la función renal (RR= -4.86, IC95% -8.68, -1.04). En receptores de trasplante de hígado tiene mejor desempeño everolimus más TAC a dosis baja más esteroide comparado con EVE más TAC a dosis estándar más esteroide pues conserva mejor la función renal a los doce meses (80.9±27.3 vs 70.3±23.1, p<0.0001). En relación a seguridad everolimus, en terapia combinada presenta un perfil semejante a micofenolato, en la presentación de eventos adversos de manera global, malignidad, diabetes de novo, diarrea y temblor. El evento adverso infección por citomegalovirus en el primer año fue menor en los pacientes que recibieron everolimus. Los eventos adversos edema periférico, hiperlipidemia y anemia fueron más frecuentes en los pacientes del grupo de everolimus. Además everolimus tiene efecto protector sobre el evento vasculopatía del trasplante cardíaco (RR=0.47 IC95% 0.25, 0.89).\r\nEn receptores de trasplante de hígado se presentaron en mayor proporción los eventos adversos edema periférico e hiperlipidemia los 24 meses (p<0,0001) con EVE más TAC a dosis baja más PRED al compararlo con EVE más TAC dosis estándar. Los eventos adversos edema periférico e hiperlipidemia a los 24 meses (p<0.0001) son más frecuentes con EVE mas TAC a dosis baja. No se encontraron diferencias para los eventos adversos diarrea, anemia y proteinuria. Conclusiones: En pacientes receptores de trasplante de riñón, hígado y corazón everolimus en terapia combinada con ciclosporina y esteroide tiene un perfil semejante de efectividad y seguridad que el micofenolato en terapia combinada, excepto en los desenlaces rechazo del trasplante de hígado a un año y función renal al año en el que everolimus es mejor, además de que tener una menor proporción de infección por citomegalovirus al año.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Steroids/administration & dosage , Heart Transplantation , Kidney Transplantation , Liver Transplantation , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Transplant Recipients , Everolimus/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Mycophenolic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Colombia , Biomedical Technology , Drug Therapy, Combination
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